bodygroup

A bodygroup is a concept in 3D modeling and game development referring to a subset of a model’s geometry that can be shown, hidden, or swapped with alternative parts without modifying the base mesh. By organizing parts into bodygroups, a single asset can support multiple appearances, equipment configurations, or variants.

Typically, a model is defined with several bodygroups, each containing one or more submodels or options. At runtime, the engine selects an active option for each group, enabling modular customization such as changing clothing, armor, helmets, or accessories. This approach allows artists to design flexible characters or objects and developers to switch configurations efficiently without loading separate full models.

In practice, bodygroups are most closely associated with engines that support modular character rigs, such as the Source engine, where a model’s bodygroups and a global body index determine which pieces are rendered. Other game engines use analogous concepts, sometimes referred to as submeshes, variant meshes, or clothing slots. Common uses include character customization in games, gear swaps for vehicles, and interchangeable parts for props.

Benefits of the bodygroup approach include reduced asset count, greater runtime customization, and easier switching between variants. Limitations can include added modeling and export complexity, potential increases in asset management, and varying levels of engine support for dynamic changes. Overall, bodygroups provide a practical framework for modular design within a single model.