bleibender

Bleibender is a German adjective formed from bleiben, meaning to stay or remain. It denotes something that lasts over time and is unlikely to change or disappear. The base form bleibend is used in attributive position before a noun, and it inflects for gender, number, and case (for example: ein bleibender Eindruck, eine bleibende Erinnerung, ein bleibendes Problem, bleibende Schäden). Predicative use is possible but less common: Der Schaden ist bleibend.

Usage and nuance: Bleibend emphasizes permanence or lasting quality, rather than mere duration. It is often used for memories, effects, costs, or characteristics that persist. It can contrast with andauernd or dauerhaft, which also express longevity but with slightly different emphases—bleibend centers on lasting, fixed persistence rather than continuous or temporary existence.

Etymology: The term derives from the verb bleiben (to stay, remain), with bleibend functioning as the present participle used as an adjective. As such, bleibender is the declined masculine nominative singular form, while feminine, neuter, and plural forms include bleibende and bleibendes in various cases.

Examples: eine bleibende Erinnerung (a lasting memory); bleibende Auswirkungen (lasting effects); ein bleibendes Problem (a persistent problem); bleibende Schäden (permanent damages); ein bleibender Eindruck (a lasting impression).

See also: lasting, permanent, durable. Bleibender is commonly used in everyday speech, journalism, science, and formal writing to describe qualities, effects, or outcomes that endure over time.