basaalisolukasvaimen

Basaalisolukasvain, also known as basal cell carcinoma, is the most common type of skin cancer. It originates in the basal cells, which are found in the lower layer of the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. These tumors typically develop on sun-exposed areas of the body, such as the face, ears, neck, and arms.

The exact cause of basal cell carcinoma is primarily prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, most commonly from sunlight or tanning beds. Other risk factors include fair skin, a history of sunburns, a weakened immune system, and exposure to certain chemicals like arsenic. Genetics can also play a role.

Basal cell carcinomas often appear as a pearly or waxy bump, a flat flesh-colored or brown scar-like lesion, or a sore that bleeds and scabs over but does not heal completely. They tend to grow slowly and rarely spread to other parts of the body, but they can invade and damage surrounding tissues if left untreated.

Diagnosis is usually made through a physical examination of the skin and confirmed with a biopsy. Treatment options depend on the size, location, and type of basal cell carcinoma, and may include surgical excision, Mohs surgery, curettage and electrodesiccation, radiation therapy, or topical medications. Early detection and treatment are crucial for a successful outcome and to prevent local tissue damage. Regular skin checks and sun protection are key preventative measures.