arvosanat

Arvosanat are the numerical or descriptive indicators used in the Finnish education system to communicate a student’s achievement in a course or subject. They appear on official records such as the student transcript and are used to gauge progress, determine progression between grades, and assess eligibility for graduation or further studies. Arvosanat reflect how well a student has met the learning objectives laid out in the curriculum and are typically awarded after a term or course assessment, which may combine exams, assignments, and projects with classroom performance.

The grading scale and method vary by educational level and institution. In many parts of basic and upper secondary education, arvosanat are issued on a defined numeric scale, with higher numbers indicating stronger performance. Some courses or institutions also offer pass/fail options for certain modules, particularly in vocational or elective subjects. In higher education, course grades and their interpretation can differ between universities and universities of applied sciences, and some programs use alternative descriptors alongside or instead of a strict numeric scale.

Assessment in Finland combines formative assessments, which guide learning during the course, and summative assessments, which determine the final grade. Students may have opportunities to improve grades through retakes, resubmissions, or re-assessment according to school or program policies. Arvosanat form part of the student’s official record and influence progression, graduation, and, in many cases, admission to higher education. They may also be translated or equated in international contexts for recognition abroad.