armatures

Armature refers to a rigid framework used as a supporting skeleton for an object or organism. The term is applied across fields to describe internal structures that provide shape, stability, and articulation. In sculpture and model-making, an armature supports soft or malleable materials during construction and helps maintain form during finishing.

In sculpture and figure modeling, an armature is typically made from metal wire, aluminum rods, steel, or occasionally wood. A common approach is to create a central spine with attached limbs, then connect joints with solder, twist ties, or mechanical fasteners. The outer material—clay, wax, plaster, or foam—builds over the armature. For larger pieces, armatures may be reinforced with additional girders or anchored to a base to bear weight and resist deformation. Materials are chosen to balance strength, weight, and ease of manipulation, and may be protected from corrosion when steel is used.

In stop-motion animation and puppetry, armatures are poseable internal skeletons that allow precise, repeatable positioning. These are often modular and feature ball-and-socket joints, hinges, and threaded connections. Lubrication and careful fasteners enable smooth movement, while surface finishes disguise the armature so the exterior appears seamless. Armatures in this context are designed for repeated posing and durability during filming or performances.

In biology and related disciplines, the concept of an armature can describe the internal framework that gives an organism its rigid structure, or the internal skeleton of a prosthetic device. Across uses, armatures function as foundational supports that enable form, rigidity, and controlled movement.