antipopulism

Antipopulism is a term used to describe political positions or movements that oppose populism. It is not a single ideology but a family of critiques aimed at populist rhetoric and strategy. Proponents argue that populism often hinges on a simplistic dichotomy between “the people” and corrupt or out-of-touch elites, and they warn that such rhetoric can undermine liberal-democratic norms, institutions, and minority rights.

Antipopulists emphasize the importance of constitutional constraints, the rule of law, pluralism, and deliberative processes. They advocate policy-making that is cautious, evidence-based, and capable of balancing diverse interests rather than pursuing sweeping majoritarian change. In practice, antipopulist arguments can arise from liberal, social-democratic, or conservative backgrounds and tend to criticize populists for scapegoating, centralization of power, or attacks on independent media and judiciary.

Historically, the term has appeared in political and academic debates since the late 20th century as populist movements gained prominence in various regions. Antipopulist approaches often defend technocratic or institutionalist solutions, arguing that stable governance requires inclusive dialogue, long-term planning, and protections for civil liberties, even in the face of popular discontent.

Critiques of antipopulism contend that it can overlook legitimate grievances that fuel populism, risk elitism or detachment from ordinary citizens, and potentially undermine democratic participation by prioritizing procedure over substantive popular sovereignty. In debates about democracy, antipopulism is thus a contested stance that seeks to safeguard institutions while confronting populist appeals.