anomia

Anomia is a term with multiple meanings in different fields. In medicine and psychology, anomia refers to a language impairment characterized by difficulties in retrieving words or names. It is a common symptom of various types of aphasia, often arising after brain injury such as stroke or from neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease. Individuals with anomia typically know what they want to say but struggle to produce the specific word; comprehension is usually preserved, and speech may be fluent or nonfluent. They may use circumlocutions or describe features of the item instead of naming it. Evaluation uses naming tasks, and treatment typically involves speech-language therapy with cueing strategies, and in some cases noninvasive brain stimulation studied in research.

In biology, Anomia is a genus of bivalve mollusks in the family Anomiidae, commonly known as jingle shells. These mollusks attach themselves to hard substrates by one valve and have thin, irregular shells that are often translucent. They inhabit shallow marine environments worldwide, frequently found on rocks, pilings, or other submerged surfaces. The genus includes several species, such as Anomia simplex, and these shells are sometimes collected for decorative purposes.