anabolice

Anabolice refers to substances that promote anabolism, the process of building up tissues and complex molecules in the body. Broadly, the term covers a range of compounds, including anabolic steroids (synthetic derivatives of testosterone) and non-steroidal agents such as growth hormone, IGF-1, and selective androgen receptor modulators. These agents can support increases in muscle mass, bone density, and tissue repair under certain conditions.

In medical contexts, anabolice are used to treat hormone deficiencies, muscle-wasting conditions, osteoporosis, severe burns, and, in some cases, pediatric growth disorders, all under strict clinical supervision. They may also aid recovery from serious injuries or illnesses when indicated and monitored by healthcare providers.

Mechanisms of action vary by substance but often involve increasing protein synthesis, enhancing nitrogen retention, and stimulating satellite cell activity, which collectively promote tissue growth. Some agents also influence metabolism, insulin sensitivity, or fat distribution.

Risks and side effects are a major consideration. Misuse or abuse can lead to liver damage (notably with some oral steroids), cardiovascular issues, hormonal imbalances, infertility, mood changes, acne, and masculinization or menstrual disturbances. In youths, growth and puberty can be affected. Growth hormone can cause edema, joint pain, and glucose intolerance. The long-term safety of many non-prescribed anabolice remains uncertain.

Regulation typically restricts anabolic steroids as controlled substances, requiring medical prescriptions for legitimate uses and prohibiting non-medical use in many sports. Quality and safety of supplement products marketed as anabolice vary widely, and they may pose risks even when not intended for illegal use. The history of anabolice includes early 20th-century hormone research, with widespread athletic use and regulatory responses emerging in the late 20th century.