amazonite

Amazonite is the green to blue-green variety of the alkali feldspar mineral microcline (KAlSi3O8). The color is caused by trace amounts of lead and other impurities within the crystal lattice, with iron and other elements contributing in some specimens. It typically forms in granitic pegmatites and hydrothermal veins and is commonly found alongside quartz and other feldspars. As a colored variety of microcline, it is not a separate mineral species.

The name amazonite has historic associations with the Amazon River region, but the mineral occurs in many places around the world. Notable sources include the Ural Mountains in Russia, Colorado and Virginia in the United States, Brazil, Madagascar, and parts of Asia and Africa. Amazonite has been used for centuries as a gemstone and ornamental material, often cut as cabochons or beads.

In terms of properties, amazonite has a Mohs hardness of about 6 to 6.5 and a vitreous to pearly luster. It ranges from translucent to opaque, with color that can be uneven or mottled. Because it is a relatively soft feldspar, amazonite can be prone to chipping if handled roughly. It is valued for its distinctive color in jewelry and decorative carvings, and care typically involves gentle cleaning with mild soap and water and protection from harsh blows and prolonged intense sunlight.