Virginia

Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state located in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. Its capital is Richmond, and its largest city by population is Virginia Beach, part of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. Virginia was one of the original thirteen colonies and ratified the U.S. Constitution in 1788, becoming the 10th state. The Jamestown settlement, established in 1607, marked the beginning of enduring English colonization in North America. The state contributed to the American Revolution and played a major role in the Civil War, with its capital relocated to Richmond during the conflict. The state motto, Sic semper tyrannis, appears on the flag and seal.

Geography and climate: The state spans the Atlantic coastal plain, the Piedmont, and the Blue Ridge Mountains, and contains the Chesapeake Bay as a defining feature. The climate ranges from humid subtropical in the east to cooler mountain climates in the west.

Economy: Virginia has a diversified economy anchored by federal government and military presence, defense contracting, information technology, agriculture, and tourism. Notable research facilities include Langley Research Center and Wallops Flight Facility. The state benefits from a robust higher education sector and numerous historic and natural attractions.

Education and culture: Virginia is home to the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, and the College of William & Mary, among others. Cultural heritage includes Colonial Williamsburg, Monticello, Shenandoah National Park, and a growing wine industry in the Virginia Piedmont.