altaner

Altaner are architectural features consisting of a platform projecting from the exterior wall of a building, providing outdoor space that is typically accessed from an adjacent room. In many Nordic and Central European languages, altaner refers to balconies: elevated, freestanding platforms with a railing attached to an upper floor. An altan is usually separated from interior space by a door and is not fully enclosed by walls; it can be cantilevered or supported by brackets or columns, and may range from simple timber decks to more elaborate structures.

Construction and design options vary by material and climate. Common materials include timber, concrete, steel and metal railings. The deck is typically waterproofed and flashed to prevent moisture intrusion, and the railing system is designed for safety, with balusters spaced to reduce fall risk. The structure must be capable of carrying typical live loads from people, furniture and weather exposure. Maintenance focuses on protecting against moisture, rot, rust and glare from the sun.

Function and use are oriented around outdoor living and light. Altaner provide a space for relaxation, socializing or drying clothes, while also improving daylight and ventilation for the interior. They are found on residential buildings, townhouses and historic houses, and can vary from small balconies to larger terraces spanning multiple rooms or bays.

History and regulation: the concept appears in various European architectural traditions, with notable presence in Scandinavian housing. Safety and building codes govern railing height, baluster spacing, structural connections and weatherproofing. In some contexts, altaner may be integrated with pergolas, canopies or glass enclosures to extend usability across seasons.