Zákon

Zákon is the Czech word for law or statute. In legal discourse, a zákon is a formal rule enacted by the legislative authority and binding on individuals and public institutions within its territory. Laws define rights and duties, organize social relations, regulate behavior, and establish procedures for how disputes are resolved and how authorities may act.

Zákony are adopted by parliament and brought into effect through formal steps, often with consideration by constitutional bodies. They function as primary sources of law in civil law systems and are complemented by constitutional provisions, regulatory decrees, and, where applicable, case law. In the Czech Republic, the constitution sets limits on legislative power, and constitutional provisions prevail over ordinary zákony.

Zákony are written in general and abstract terms, applying to classes of situations rather than to specific individuals. When needed, administrative regulations (vyhlášky and nařízení) fill in technical details and implement statutory aims. Courts and administrative authorities interpret the texts, with higher courts providing binding guidance to ensure uniform application.

Classification of laws typically includes civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional zákony, as well as procedures and organizational rules. The effective operation of a legal system relies on clear texts, fair interpretation, and enforceable remedies, supported by the judiciary, police, and other public institutions.