Zinkmetall

Zinkmetall, or zinc metal, is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30. It is a bluish‑white, relatively brittle metal at room temperature that becomes malleable above about 100°C. Zinc has a melting point of 419.5°C and a boiling point of 907°C. In nature it occurs mainly in the mineral sphalerite (ZnS) and is the fourth most widely used metal by annual consumption after iron, aluminum, and copper.

Zinc resists corrosion to some extent because it forms a thin protective oxide layer on exposure to air. This passivation slows further oxidation, though uncoated zinc alloys can still corrode in humid environments. The metal is valued for coatings and alloys, and its properties underpin the large-scale use of zinc in galvanizing steel to improve durability.

Most zinc is produced from zinc sulfide ore. The ore is concentrated, roasted to convert sulfides to zinc oxide, and reduced with carbon to zinc metal. Purification is commonly achieved by electrolytic refining to high-purity zinc. Global output is measured in millions of tonnes per year, reflecting zinc’s broad industrial demand.

Primary uses include galvanizing steel and iron to prevent rust, and alloying with copper to form brass. Zinc also serves as a die‑casting alloy and as a source for zinc oxide, which is used in rubber products, paints, plastics, cosmetics, and sunscreens. In biology, zinc is an essential trace element required for numerous enzymes and metabolic processes in humans and other animals.

Safety and environmental considerations focus on exposure to zinc fumes, which can cause flu‑like symptoms at high levels, and on managing mining and refining waste to avoid heavy‑metal contamination.