Zhuangtzu
Zhuangtzu, also known as Zhuang Qiao (Chinese: 莊子; pinyin: Zhuāng Zǐ; Wade–Giles: Chuang Tzu; c. 369 – c. 286 BCE), was a Chinese philosopher and writer who lived during the Warring States period (475–221 BCE). He is traditionally considered the author of the *Zhuangzi*, a collection of philosophical essays that explore themes such as Daoism, relativity, and the nature of reality. Alongside Laozi, the reputed author of the *Daodejing*, Zhuangtzu is one of the most influential figures in Daoist thought.
Zhuangtzu’s philosophy emphasizes spontaneity (*ziran*), harmony with nature, and the rejection of rigid social conventions. His
The *Zhuangzi* is divided into two main sections: the *Inner Chapters* (內篇), attributed to Zhuangtzu himself, and
Little is definitively known about Zhuangtzu’s life, as historical records are sparse. He was likely a contemporary