Zerrüttung

Zerrüttung is a German noun that denotes a state of severe damage, breakdown, or ruin of something that previously functioned. It is used broadly for relationships, institutions, economies, or social orders that have become dysfunctional. The word stems from the prefix zer- meaning 'completely' and the root that implies shaking or disturbance, signaling a collapse of normal order.

In the context of family law, "Zerrüttung der Ehe" refers to the irreparable breakdown of a marriage. It is the legal criterion for divorce in many cases, indicating that reconciliation is no longer possible or reasonable. Practical assessment considers factors such as persistent conflict, loss of affection, long separation, and the absence of cohabitation or shared life plans. The formal divorce decree may be issued after a period of separation or after evidence of the irretrievable break.

Outside jurisdiction, the term is used in economics and sociology to describe deterioration of financial or social order, e.g. "Zerrüttung der Haushaltslage" or "Zerrüttung der Gesellschaft" implying crumbling social cohesion or public finances.

The term remains descriptive rather than a formal, technical term outside law.