YUVformaattien

YUVformaattien refers to a family of color spaces used in digital video and image processing. Unlike RGB, which represents colors as red, green, and blue components, YUV separates luminance (brightness) from chrominance (color information). The Y component represents the black and white aspect of the image, while U and V represent the color information. This separation is advantageous because human vision is more sensitive to changes in brightness than in color.

The YUV color space is commonly used in video compression standards like MPEG and H.264 because it allows for chroma subsampling. Chroma subsampling is a technique where the color information (U and V) is stored at a lower resolution than the luminance information (Y). This reduces the amount of data required to represent the image without a significant perceived loss in quality. Common chroma subsampling schemes include 4:4:4 (no subsampling), 4:2:2 (horizontal subsampling), and 4:2:0 (horizontal and vertical subsampling).

YUV is not a single color space but rather a family of them, with variations in how the Y, U, and V components are encoded and scaled. For example, in analog television systems, YUV was often used, while in digital systems, it's more common to encounter YCbCr, which is closely related but uses different scaling for the color components. Despite these variations, the core principle of separating luminance and chrominance remains consistent across YUV formats, enabling efficient storage and transmission of video data.