Winterperiode

Winterperiode is a term used to describe the annual span of winter in a region. In Dutch and other Germanic languages, it literally means the winter period and is used to refer to the season characterized by cold weather and reduced daylight. The exact timing and duration depend on geographical location and the definition of winter applied.

Definitions vary. Meteorological winter, used for climate statistics and planning in many countries, comprises December, January and February in the Northern Hemisphere, and June–August in the Southern Hemisphere. Astronomical winter begins with the winter solstice (around December 21–22 in the Northern Hemisphere) and ends with the vernal equinox (around March 19–21). These definitions can produce different dates for the start and end of winter in a given year.

Common features include lower temperatures, frost, snow in many regions, and shorter daylight hours. The winterperiode affects everyday life, energy consumption, transport, and agriculture. Heating demand increases; road and rail travel may be disrupted by snow and ice; crops may go dormant, and livestock care may require additional measures. Public health concerns include respiratory infections and hypothermia risks.

Culturally, winter periods influence holidays, traditions, and leisure activities such as winter sports, festive lighting, and seasonal cuisine. In urban planning, winter conditions shape infrastructure, snow removal, and heating policies.

Climate change influences winter conditions by altering average temperatures, snowfall patterns, and the frequency of extreme cold spells. In many regions winters may become milder or more variable, requiring adaptation in energy, transportation, and disaster risk management, while some areas may still experience severe winter weather events.