WindowsKernel

WindowsKernel is the core component of the Windows operating system in the Windows NT family. It runs in kernel mode and manages fundamental system resources and services, providing interfaces for user-mode processes and drivers.

Key elements include ntoskrnl.exe, the kernel itself, and the hardware abstraction layer (HAL). WindowsKernel implements the scheduler, memory manager, I/O manager, and object manager, while the HAL abstracts processor, chipset, and platform-specific hardware. The Windows Driver Model and later Windows Driver Frameworks provide a driver model for kernel-mode and user-mode drivers.

The WindowsKernel provides preemptive, priority-based multitasking, supports symmetric multiprocessing, and handles virtual memory with paging, working sets, paged and nonpaged pools, and a pagefile. It enforces process isolation and security via the Security Reference Monitor.

WindowsKernel interacts with hardware through the HAL and drivers, supports power management, plug and play, and uses a modular, extensible design. Development: The WindowsKernel is closed source; Microsoft provides documentation to partners and the Windows Driver Kit (WDK) for driver development.