WebUSB

WebUSB is a JavaScript API that allows web applications to communicate with USB devices. It bridges the gap between the web browser and the physical world of hardware, enabling richer and more interactive web experiences. Before WebUSB, browser access to USB devices was largely limited to specific drivers or browser extensions, which were often cumbersome and platform-dependent. WebUSB provides a standardized way for websites to detect, connect to, and exchange data with compatible USB devices directly through the browser.

The API works by allowing a web page to request access to a specific USB device. When a user connects a USB device and a website requests access, the browser prompts the user to confirm which device they wish to grant access to. This user-initiated process is a crucial security feature, preventing unauthorized access to hardware. Once permission is granted, the web application can use the WebUSB API to send and receive data to and from the device.

WebUSB has a wide range of potential applications. It can be used for configuring and controlling hardware devices like 3D printers, microcontrollers, and scientific instruments directly from a web interface. It also opens up possibilities for interactive educational tools, custom input devices, and even certain types of peripheral management. However, it's important to note that not all USB devices are compatible with WebUSB out-of-the-box; device manufacturers may need to implement specific firmware to support the API. Browsers also play a role in implementing the WebUSB API.