cumbersome

Cumbersome is an adjective used to describe something that is large, heavy, or unwieldy, making it difficult to handle, carry, or operate. It often refers to objects that are awkward in form or function, as well as processes, systems, or procedures that are slow, complicated, or inefficient.

Etymology and related forms. The term derives from the verb cumber, meaning to burden or impede. The historical forms cumbersome and cumbrous illustrate related usage. The noun form is cumbersomeness, and the less common adjective cumbrous is closely related, though more archaic in contemporary use.

Usage and contexts. Cumbersome is frequently applied to physical items such as machinery, furniture, or packaging that impede movement or use. It is also used to describe bureaucratic or operational processes that are needlessly complicated or space-consuming. In stylistic writing, it can convey a sense of inefficiency or the need for simplification, without asserting moral judgment about the people involved.

Examples. A cumbersome cart slowed the delivery route. The regulatory framework is seen as cumbersome, requiring multiple forms and approvals. A more compact design would reduce the cumbersome setup time.

Related terms. Synonyms include unwieldy, bulky, ponderous, and clumsy. Antonyms include manageable, streamlined, efficient, and lightweight. The concept of cumbersomeness is often discussed in design, engineering, and organizational contexts.

See also. Unwieldy; bulky; bureaucratic complexity; ergonomic design.