Wading

Wading is the act of walking through shallow water with the feet in contact with the bottom. It commonly takes place in rivers, streams, wetlands, and along shorelines, and is used for recreation, fishing, wildlife observation, surveying, and rescue operations. Wading is distinct from swimming, in which the body is supported by water, and from paddling or boating, where movement is primarily by flotation devices.

Depth varies from ankle to chest level depending on purpose and water conditions. In recreational wading or fishing, water is often knee- to waist-deep; in some cases, deeper sections are for crossing or for certain activities. When wading, people typically walk slowly with short, deliberate steps, keep the center of balance over the feet, and test each footing before committing weight. A walking stick or wading staff can aid balance in current or on uneven bottoms, and a partner nearby increases safety.

Equipment commonly includes waders (breathable fabric or neoprene) and wading boots with slip-resistant soles. In many regions, felt soles are restricted or prohibited to reduce the spread of aquatic invasive species; rubber or synthetic soles and proper cleaning between water bodies are recommended. Layers of clothing and waterproof gloves may be used in cold water. Potential hazards include slips on wet rocks, sudden drops in depth, entanglement with vegetation, cold-water shock, and hypothermia.

Environmental impact and safety considerations emphasize staying on stable banks, avoiding sensitive habitats, and minimizing impact on wildlife. Wading techniques may be adapted for activities like fly fishing, macroinvertebrate sampling, or habitat assessment.