Vävnadssvullnad

Vävnadssvullnad, also known as edema, is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of excess fluid in the interstitial spaces of body tissues. This buildup of fluid causes the affected area to swell. Edema can occur in various parts of the body, including the legs, feet, ankles, hands, face, and abdomen. It is not a disease in itself but rather a symptom that can indicate an underlying medical issue.

The formation of edema is related to the balance of fluid exchange between the blood capillaries and the surrounding tissues. Normally, fluid filters out of the capillaries into the interstitial space and is then reabsorbed back into the capillaries or drained away by the lymphatic system. When this balance is disrupted, fluid can accumulate. Factors that can cause this disruption include increased pressure within the blood vessels, decreased concentration of proteins in the blood (which helps retain fluid within vessels), increased permeability of the capillary walls, or impaired lymphatic drainage.

Common causes of vävnadssvullnad include prolonged standing or sitting, high salt intake, pregnancy, and certain medications such as calcium channel blockers and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). More serious underlying conditions that can lead to edema include heart failure, kidney disease, liver disease, and deep vein thrombosis. The appearance of swelling can vary depending on the cause and location, ranging from mild puffiness to significant enlargement of the affected body part. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history, often supplemented by blood tests, urine tests, or imaging studies to identify the underlying cause. Treatment focuses on addressing the root cause of the edema, alongside measures to reduce fluid buildup, such as dietary modifications and medication.