Välilevyjä

Välilevyjä, known in English as intervertebral discs, are cartilaginous cushions that lie between the vertebrae of the spine. They play a crucial role in spinal mechanics, acting as shock absorbers and allowing for movement between the bones. Each disc consists of two main parts: the annulus fibrosus, a tough outer layer of fibrous cartilage, and the nucleus pulposus, a gel-like inner core.

The primary function of the välilevyjä is to absorb impact and stress from daily activities such as walking, running, and lifting. They also contribute to the spine's flexibility, enabling bending and twisting motions. The nucleus pulposus, being primarily water, helps maintain spinal height and distributes pressure evenly across the vertebrae.

Over time, välilevyjä can undergo degenerative changes, a process often referred to as disc degeneration. This can involve a loss of water content in the nucleus pulposus, leading to a decrease in disc height and reduced shock absorption capabilities. In some cases, the annulus fibrosus can tear or bulge, potentially leading to a herniated disc, where the inner core protrudes and can press on nearby nerves.

Symptoms associated with välilevyjä problems can include localized pain, radiating pain (sciatica), numbness, or weakness in the limbs, depending on the location and severity of the issue. Treatment options vary and may include conservative measures like physical therapy and pain management, or in more severe cases, surgical interventions. Lifestyle factors such as maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, and good posture can contribute to the health of välilevyjä.