Vähktõbi

Vähktõbi is the Estonian term for cancer. It refers to a group of diseases characterized by abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. These characteristics are also referred to as malignant. In Estonia, like in many other countries, cancer is a significant public health concern.

The causes of vähktõbi are multifactorial, involving genetic predispositions, environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and infectious agents. Common risk factors include smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, poor diet, lack of physical activity, exposure to certain chemicals, and infections such as HPV and hepatitis.

Diagnosis of vähktõbi in Estonia typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, imaging techniques (such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI), and biopsies. Early detection plays a crucial role in improving treatment outcomes and survival rates.

Treatment approaches for vähktõbi are tailored to the specific type and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Standard treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. Palliative care is also an important aspect of management, focusing on relieving symptoms and improving the quality of life for patients.

Prevention strategies are actively promoted in Estonia, emphasizing healthy lifestyle choices, vaccination programs, and screening initiatives for common cancers like breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer. Public health campaigns aim to raise awareness about cancer risk factors and encourage early detection.