Virtsaputkentulehdus

Virtsaputkentulehdus, commonly known as urethritis, is an inflammation of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. This condition can affect both men and women, though symptoms and causes may vary slightly between the sexes.

The most common cause of urethritis is infection, often by bacteria. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia and gonorrhea are frequent culprits, especially in sexually active individuals. However, non-sexually transmitted bacteria can also cause inflammation, particularly in women. Other causes can include irritation from soaps, spermicides, or physical trauma to the area. In some cases, the cause of urethritis may remain unidentified, a condition known as non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) when no specific pathogen is found.

Symptoms of urethritis can include pain or burning during urination (dysuria), a frequent urge to urinate, and discharge from the urethra. In men, this discharge may be visible and can vary in color. Women may experience discomfort in the pelvic region in addition to urinary symptoms. If left untreated, urethritis can lead to more serious complications, such as infections spreading to the bladder, kidneys, or prostate in men.

Diagnosis typically involves a urine sample to test for bacteria and sometimes a swab from the urethra. Treatment usually consists of antibiotics, chosen based on the suspected cause. It is important to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed. Prevention strategies include practicing safe sex to reduce the risk of STIs and maintaining good hygiene.