Venipunktúr

Venipunktúr is a medical procedure involving the insertion of a needle into a vein for the purpose of obtaining a blood sample or administering medication or intravenous fluids. It is a common and essential diagnostic and therapeutic tool in healthcare. The most common site for venipunktúr is the antecubital fossa, located in the bend of the elbow, due to the prominence and accessibility of the superficial veins. Other potential sites include veins in the back of the hand, wrist, and foot.

The procedure typically begins with the selection of an appropriate vein, followed by cleaning the skin with an antiseptic. A tourniquet may be applied proximal to the venipunktúr site to engorge the vein, making it easier to locate and puncture. Once the vein is accessed with the needle, blood is collected into a collection device, such as a syringe or a vacuum-sealed tube. After the required amount of blood is drawn or the medication/fluid is administered, the needle is withdrawn, and pressure is applied to the site to prevent bleeding.

Complications from venipunktúr are generally minor and can include bruising, minor bleeding, or pain at the puncture site. More serious complications are rare but can include infection, nerve injury, or phlebitis (inflammation of the vein). Proper technique and adherence to sterile protocols are crucial in minimizing these risks. Venipunktúr is performed by trained healthcare professionals, including nurses, phlebotomists, and physicians.