Vector2

Vector2 is a two-dimensional vector consisting of two components, commonly named x and y. It is used to represent points, directions, velocities, or other 2D quantities in a plane. In most programming environments, a Vector2 stores its components as numeric values and exposes them as fields or properties for easy access.

Typical operations on Vector2 include addition and subtraction (component-wise), scalar multiplication, and various vector metrics. The magnitude (or length) is computed as the square root of x squared plus y squared. Normalization scales the vector to unit length by dividing each component by its magnitude. The dot product between two Vector2 objects is x1*x2 + y1*y2 and is useful for determining angles and projections. The distance between two vectors is the magnitude of their difference. Some environments also provide convenient methods for clamping, interpolation, or rotating a Vector2.

Common uses include representing 2D positions in screens or game worlds, velocities and forces, texture coordinates, and 2D directional data. Vector2 types are foundational in 2D game development, computer graphics, and physics simulations, and they often interface with higher-dimensional vectors (such as Vector3) when transitioning between 2D and 3D contexts.

Many frameworks and languages provide their own Vector2 implementations, with slight differences in naming or available methods. Core concepts—two components, arithmetic operations, magnitude, normalization, and dot product—are shared across most implementations.