Vatsahaavoja

Vatsahaavoja, often referred to as stomach ulcers or peptic ulcers, are open sores that develop on the lining of the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum). These painful sores occur when the protective mucous layer that lines the digestive tract is eroded, allowing stomach acid to damage the underlying tissue.

The most common cause of vatsahaavoja is infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium can inflame the stomach lining, making it more susceptible to damage from acid. Another significant cause is the long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and aspirin, which can interfere with the stomach's ability to protect itself from acid. Less common causes include Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, a rare condition that causes excessive stomach acid production.

Symptoms of vatsahaavoja can vary but commonly include a burning pain in the upper abdomen, which may worsen when the stomach is empty and improve after eating or taking antacids. Other symptoms can include bloating, nausea, vomiting, and a feeling of fullness. In some cases, ulcers can lead to more serious complications like bleeding or perforation of the stomach wall. Diagnosis typically involves medical history, physical examination, and tests such as endoscopy or a breath test to detect H. pylori. Treatment usually involves antibiotics to eradicate H. pylori and medications to reduce stomach acid production, such as proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers. Avoiding NSAIDs and managing stress can also be beneficial.