Vardams

Vardams, also known as Vardhamana, were a group of ancient Indian ascetics who lived during the 6th century BCE. They are primarily known for their association with the Jaina religion, which they founded. The term "Vardhamana" is derived from Sanskrit, meaning "one who increases" or "one who grows," reflecting the ascetics' focus on spiritual growth and enlightenment.

The Vardhamana tradition emerged in the region of present-day Gujarat, India. The most prominent figure among the Vardhamana ascetics was Mahavira, who is considered the 24th Tirthankara, or spiritual teacher, in Jainism. Mahavira's teachings emphasized non-violence (ahimsa), truthfulness (satya), non-stealing (asteya), celibacy (brahmacharya), and non-possession (aparigraha) as the five vows of Jainism.

The Vardhamana ascetics practiced severe asceticism, including fasting, meditation, and the use of various austerities to purify the body and mind. They believed in the concept of karma, the law of cause and effect, and the cycle of rebirth (samsara). Their ultimate goal was to achieve moksha, or liberation from the cycle of rebirth, through the attainment of kevala jnana, or supreme knowledge.

The Vardhamana tradition had a significant influence on the development of Jainism, shaping its core beliefs, practices, and rituals. The ascetics' teachings and lifestyle continue to inspire Jains worldwide, who follow their principles in their daily lives. The Vardhamana ascetics' legacy endures as a testament to their commitment to spiritual growth and the pursuit of enlightenment.