Valtimotukoksissa

Valtimotukoksissa, commonly referred to as a blocked artery, occurs when a blood vessel that supplies oxygen-rich blood to the heart, brain, or other parts of the body becomes narrowed or completely obstructed. This blockage is typically caused by the buildup of plaque, a fatty substance containing cholesterol, calcium, and other materials, along the inner walls of the arteries. This process is known as atherosclerosis.

Several factors can contribute to the development of Valtimotukoksissa. These include high cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Genetics and age also play a role. When plaque builds up, it can restrict blood flow, leading to insufficient oxygen supply to the affected organ. If a piece of plaque breaks off or a blood clot forms on the plaque's surface, it can completely block the artery.

The symptoms of Valtimotukoksissa depend on the location and severity of the blockage. Blockages in the heart arteries can lead to angina (chest pain) or a heart attack. Arterial blockages in the brain can cause a stroke, characterized by sudden numbness, weakness, confusion, or difficulty speaking. Blockages in the limbs, known as peripheral artery disease, can cause pain, cramping, or numbness in the legs and feet, especially during exercise.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests such as an angiogram, ultrasound, or CT scan to visualize the arteries. Treatment aims to restore blood flow and prevent further complications. Options include lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, smoking cessation), medications to lower cholesterol, blood pressure, or prevent clotting, and surgical procedures like angioplasty, stenting, or bypass surgery.