Urtavlor

Urtavlor, plural for urtavla, is the dial or face of a watch or clock. The term is used in Swedish horology to describe the surface that displays time through hour markers or numerals, often complemented by subdials, date windows, and other indicators.

Construction and materials

Urtavlor are typically made from a base metal such as brass or steel, which is then finished with enamel, lacquer, or a printed coating. Markers can be applied metal indexes, printed numerals, or a combination of both. Modern dials may include luminescent material on numerals or hands to improve legibility in low light. Subdials, date windows, moon phase displays, and power-reserve indicators are common features on more complex dials.

Design and finishes

Dials come in a wide range of colors and textures, including white, black, blue, silver, or mother-of-pearl backgrounds. Finishes such as guilloché engraving, sunburst, or matte/satin textures are used to create visual depth. Luxury dials may incorporate cloisonné enamel or hand-painted motifs, while more affordable models rely on printed decorations. The choice of numerals, indices, and color contrast affects readability and style.

Historical and modern context

Enamel dials were highly regarded in the 18th and 19th centuries for their durability and beauty, especially in luxury watches and clocks. The rise of mass production introduced lacquered and printed dials for broader markets, while contemporary brands often blend traditional techniques with modern materials. Collectors pay particular attention to the original dial condition, since replacements or refinishing can significantly affect a timepiece’s value.

Care and authenticity

Dials should be kept away from moisture and strong solvents. Protective glass or sapphire crystals help preserve the dial, and any restoration should be performed by specialists to maintain historical and aesthetic integrity.