Tööriistavahetuse

Tööriistavahetus, often translated as tool change, refers to the process of replacing one cutting tool with another on a machine tool, such as a CNC lathe or milling machine. This is a critical operation in automated manufacturing, allowing for the efficient production of parts with complex geometries or requiring multiple machining operations. The primary goal of an effective tool change is to minimize downtime, ensuring the machine is operational for as much time as possible.

Modern machine tools are equipped with automatic tool changers (ATCs) that facilitate this process. An ATC typically consists of a tool magazine, which stores a set of different tools, and a tool changer arm or mechanism that physically swaps the tool in the spindle with a new one from the magazine. The selection of which tool to use next is determined by the programmed tool path and the specific operations required for the workpiece.

The sequence of a typical automatic tool change involves retracting the current tool from the workpiece and spindle, the ATC arm retrieving the new tool from its designated position in the magazine, and then inserting the new tool into the spindle. The machine then confirms the successful tool change before resuming the machining process. Factors such as tool wear, tool breakage, or the need for a different tool geometry for a subsequent operation trigger the tool change. Efficient tool management, including proper tool presetting and monitoring, is essential for optimizing the overall manufacturing process.