Tændingskontrollen

Tændingskontrollen, often translated as ignition control or spark control, refers to the system responsible for timing and regulating the spark that ignites the fuel-air mixture in an internal combustion engine. This precise timing is critical for optimal engine performance, fuel efficiency, and emissions control.

Historically, tændingskontrollen was managed by mechanical devices like the distributor and points. The distributor housed the rotor and cap, which directed the high voltage spark to the correct cylinder at the correct time, dictated by the engine's crankshaft position. The points, a set of electrical contacts, opened and closed to interrupt the primary current in the ignition coil, creating the high voltage needed for the spark.

Modern vehicles utilize electronic ignition systems, offering greater precision and reliability. These systems often employ a crankshaft position sensor and a camshaft position sensor to accurately determine the engine's rotational speed and piston position. This data is fed to an electronic control unit (ECU) or engine control module (ECM), which then precisely controls the timing of the spark, often through solid-state ignition coils.

The ECU can also adjust ignition timing based on various engine operating conditions, such as engine load, temperature, and throttle position, further optimizing performance and efficiency. Malfunctions in the tændingskontrollen can lead to symptoms like rough idling, misfires, poor acceleration, decreased fuel economy, and increased emissions.