Tunisians

Tunisians are the citizens and native inhabitants of Tunisia, a country in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast. The population is concentrated in urban areas such as Tunis, Sfax, and Sousse and reflects a long history of Arab-Berber blending, with influences from Phoenician, Roman, and French periods. Modern Tunisia gained independence in 1956 and developed a constitutional republic that emphasizes civil institutions and social reform. The country also hosts a diaspora in Europe and the Middle East.

Official language is Modern Standard Arabic; Tunisian Arabic is the everyday vernacular. Berber languages are spoken by some communities, and French is widely used in education, administration, and business. Islam is the predominant religion, mostly Sunni (Maliki tradition); there are Christian and Jewish minorities and secular urban populations.

Cultural life encompasses literature, music, cinema, and cuisine—couscous and brik are well-known dishes. Education levels are relatively high with substantial literacy. The economy relies on agriculture, manufacturing, and services, with important sectors such as phosphate mining and tourism. The Jasmine Revolution of 2010–11 triggered political reforms toward greater pluralism, while economic and social challenges remain. Tunisians share a national identity that coexists with regional and community diversity.