Tungpust

Tungpust is a Scandinavian term (from Norwegian and Swedish tung "heavy" + pust "breath") used to describe the sensation of shortness of breath or labored breathing. In clinical practice it corresponds to dyspnea, a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that ranges from mild breathlessness on exertion to severe respiratory distress at rest.

Causes of tungpust are diverse and include pulmonary conditions (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, interstitial lung disease, pneumonia), cardiovascular disorders (heart failure, ischemic heart disease, pulmonary embolism), hematologic or metabolic problems (anemia, acidosis), deconditioning and obesity, and psychological factors such as anxiety or panic disorder. Acute onset often indicates an urgent underlying condition, while chronic or exertional tungpust suggests progressive cardiopulmonary disease or reduced fitness.

Assessment typically involves history and physical examination, measurement of oxygen saturation, chest imaging (radiograph or CT), spirometry, electrocardiography, and relevant blood tests (complete blood count, natriuretic peptides, D-dimer when indicated). Management targets the underlying cause and may include oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, diuretics, anticoagulation, pulmonary rehabilitation, and lifestyle measures such as smoking cessation and exercise training.

Prognosis depends on the etiology and severity; tungpust as a symptom can signal a treatable condition but may also indicate significant morbidity or risk of mortality in acute scenarios. Medical evaluation is recommended for new, worsening, or severe symptoms.