Tuberkulfrakturer

Tuberkulfrakturer, also known as tuberculous fractures or spinal tuberculosis, refers to fractures occurring in bones affected by tuberculosis. While tuberculosis is primarily known as a respiratory illness, it can spread to other parts of the body, including the skeletal system. Spinal tuberculosis, a common manifestation, can weaken the vertebrae, making them susceptible to compression fractures. These fractures often occur in the thoracic or lumbar spine.

The mechanism of injury typically involves minimal trauma or even spontaneous collapse due to the weakened bone structure. Symptoms can include localized pain, spinal deformity (such as kyphosis or a gibbus deformity), and neurological deficits if the fractured bone compresses the spinal cord or nerves. Diagnosis involves a combination of imaging techniques like X-rays, CT scans, and MRI, which can reveal bone destruction, abscess formation, and vertebral collapse. Biopsy and culture of affected tissue are essential for confirming the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Treatment for tuberkulfrakturer aims to eradicate the infection and stabilize the spine. This usually involves a prolonged course of anti-tuberculosis medications, often for six to twelve months. Surgical intervention may be necessary to debride infected tissue, stabilize the spine through fusion, and relieve pressure on the spinal cord. Rehabilitation is crucial to restore function and manage any residual deficits. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are vital to prevent further complications and improve outcomes.