Tsiviilõigussüsteemidega

Tsiviilõigussüsteemidega, often translated as civil law systems, represents a major legal tradition found in many parts of the world, particularly in continental Europe, Latin America, and parts of Asia and Africa. Its defining characteristic is the reliance on comprehensive, continuously updated legal codes that specify all matters capable of being brought before a court, all the legal principles that may be applied, and all the procedures by which they are applied.

Unlike common law systems, which are based on precedent and judicial decisions, civil law systems place a strong emphasis on statutes and codified laws enacted by legislatures. Judges in civil law systems primarily apply the law as it is written in these codes, rather than creating law through their rulings. While judicial decisions are considered, they do not hold the same binding precedential authority as they do in common law jurisdictions.

The origins of modern civil law can be traced back to Roman law, particularly the Corpus Juris Civilis of Emperor Justinian. This historical foundation has influenced the structure and principles of civil law systems, with a focus on logical organization and systematic categorization of legal rules. Key areas covered by civil codes typically include contract law, property law, family law, and tort law. The process of legal reasoning in civil law systems often involves deductive application of general principles found in the codes to specific factual situations.