Tribologisk

Tribologisk is an adjective used in Scandinavian languages to describe matters related to tribology, the science and engineering of friction, wear, and lubrication in interacting surfaces in relative motion. The field spans phenomena from the microscopic contact between surface asperities to the performance of entire mechanical systems. It draws on mechanical engineering, materials science, chemistry, and physics to understand and control how surfaces behave under sliding, rolling, or impact.

Core concepts in tribologisk include friction, wear, and lubrication. The friction coefficient characterizes resistance to motion, while wear describes material loss due to contact over time. Wear mechanisms commonly considered are adhesive, abrasive, fatigue, and corrosive wear. Lubrication regimes range from boundary and mixed to hydrodynamic and elastohydrodynamic, depending on load, speed, and film formation. Lubricants such as oils, greases, gas, and solid lubricants reduce wear and energy losses, often through surface films or coatings. Surface engineering and coatings—such as ceramics or carbon-based films—alter interactions at interfaces. Experimental methods include tribometry to measure friction and wear, and surface analysis techniques like microscopy, profilometry, and spectroscopy.

Applications of tribologisk cover automotive engines and bearings, gears, cutting tools, industrial machinery, wind turbines, and biomedical implants. The field aims to improve energy efficiency, reliability, and lifespan of components, reduce noise, and minimize environmental impact through material choice, surface treatments, and optimized lubrication strategies. The terminology reflects a multidisciplinary approach and continues to evolve with advances in nanotribology, advanced lubricants, and novel materials.