Transtibialization

Transtibialization refers to the surgical amputation of a limb below the knee. This procedure is most commonly performed due to severe trauma, disease, or congenital conditions affecting the lower leg. The goal of transtibialization is to remove the diseased or damaged portion of the leg while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible to facilitate prosthetic rehabilitation.

Following a transtibial amputation, the residual limb, or stump, is carefully shaped to allow for effective prosthetic fitting. This involves managing the bone end, often with a myoplasty (muscle flap) or myodesis (muscle attachment), to create a stable and well-contoured stump. The skin and soft tissues are also managed to promote healing and reduce the risk of complications.

Rehabilitation is a critical component of transtibialization. It typically begins shortly after surgery and involves a multidisciplinary team including surgeons, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and prosthetists. Physical therapy focuses on wound healing, reducing swelling, maintaining range of motion in the knee and hip, and strengthening muscles. Once the residual limb has healed and shaped appropriately, the individual will be fitted with a prosthesis. This prosthetic limb is designed to restore mobility and function, allowing the individual to walk and perform daily activities. The process of learning to use a prosthesis, known as prosthetic training, is essential for achieving independence.