Trampolins

Trampolins are devices that consist of a taut jumping surface stretched over a rigid frame by springs or elastic cords, allowing a person to bounce into the air. The surface is typically enclosed by a safety net to help prevent falls. Consumer trampolines usually have a circular frame, padded rails, and a surrounding enclosure to reduce injury risk.

The modern trampoline was developed in the 1930s in the United States by George Nissen and Larry Griswold. The name derives from the Italian word trampolino, meaning a springboard or diving board, and the design incorporated a safety net inspired by circus trapeze equipment. Trampolines gained popularity for recreation and practice, and later for athletic training in gymnastics and other disciplines.

Types range from backyard trampolines and rebounders to professional competition trampolines. Backyard models are typically circular and designed for home use, often with an enclosure net and thick padding. Competition trampolines used in gymnastics are usually rectangular and built to exacting specifications for performance and safety. Mini-trampolines, or rebounders, are smaller models used for fitness, rehabilitation, and conditioning.

Safety and maintenance are central concerns. Enclosures, padded frames, and securely installed anchoring reduce injury risk. Guidelines advise only one person on the trampoline at a time for beginners, close supervision for children, regular inspection of springs and hardware, and proper landing techniques. Common injuries include sprains and fractures, underscoring the importance of supervision, proper setup, and age-appropriate use.

In sport, trampoline events are governed by national and international federations. Since the late 20th century, trampoline gymnastics has been included in major competitions, including the Olympic Games, reflecting its status as a standardized discipline within gymnastics and competitive cheer-related activities.