Tehran

Tehran (Persian: تهران) is the capital and largest city of Iran, and serves as the political, economic, and cultural center of the country. It is located in the north-central part of Iran, in Tehran Province, at the southern foothills of the Alborz mountain range. The Tehran metropolitan area is among the largest in the Middle East, with an estimated population of about 15 million.

Geography and climate: The city sits at an elevation around 1,000 to 1,200 meters. It experiences a continental climate with hot summers and cool winters; precipitation mainly occurs in the winter months. Air pollution is a recurring concern.

History: Tehran rose from a small village to regional capital after Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar chose it as the capital in 1796. It expanded rapidly through the 19th and 20th centuries and played a central role in Iran's politics, economy, and modernization. The city contains historic districts and monuments such as the Golestan Palace and the Grand Bazaar.

Economy and infrastructure: Tehran is the main national hub for government, finance, industry, and services. It hosts the Tehran Stock Exchange and numerous national and multinational companies. The city is served by Tehran's metro system, expanding bus rapid transit, and major highways. The Imam Khomeini International Airport and Mehrabad Airport provide international and domestic air service.

Culture and education: Tehran is home to major universities including the University of Tehran and Amirkabir University of Technology, as well as museums, theatres, and cultural institutions. The city hosts embassies, media outlets, and a diverse resident population.