Irans

Irans is not a standard term for the country or its people. In formal usage, the country is Iran and its inhabitants are Iranians. The plural form “Irans” may appear in informal writing or errors and is generally avoided in scholarly or official contexts.

Iran is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Armenia, Azerbaijan, and the Caspian Sea to the north, and the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman to the south. It shares land borders with Turkey, Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, and a coastline with Kuwait. The capital and largest city is Tehran. The official name is the Islamic Republic of Iran, a theocratic republic with elected institutions and a Supreme Leader who oversees the political system, in addition to a President and a unicameral legislature known as the Islamic Consultative Assembly (Majlis).

Iran’s population is diverse, with Persians forming the largest ethnic group alongside Azeris, Kurds, Lurs, Baloch, Arabs, Turkmen, and others. Persian (Farsi) is the official language, with several regional languages spoken throughout the country. The nation has a long historical tradition, from ancient Persia to the modern state, contributing significantly to literature, science, art, and philosophy.

Economically, Iran possesses substantial oil and natural gas reserves and plays a significant regional role in energy markets. The economy is influenced by sanctions, international trade dynamics, and domestic policies. Iran is known for its cultural heritage, including architecture, poetry, cinema, music, cuisine, and scholarly institutions that reflect a longue durée of regional influence.