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Khomeini

Ruhollah Khomeini (September 24, 1902 – June 3, 1989) was an Iranian cleric and political leader who helped shape the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the subsequent Islamic Republic of Iran, where he served as Supreme Leader from 1979 until his death.

Born in Khomein, he studied Islamic jurisprudence and philosophy in Iranian seminaries, especially in Qom. Over

Following the revolution's overthrow of the Shah, Khomeini returned to Iran in February 1979. He became the

His tenure coincided with critical events, including the 1979 hostage crisis and the eight-year Iran-Iraq War

Khomeini died in 1989. His death marked a turning point in Iranian politics; he was succeeded as

decades
he
became
a
leading
Shia
clerical
authority
who
linked
religious
legitimacy
with
political
authority.
He
opposed
the
rule
of
Shah
Mohammad
Reza
Pahlavi
and
Western
influence
in
Iran,
and
he
spent
years
in
exile,
first
in
Turkey
and
then
in
Iraq,
where
he
remained
active
from
abroad.
leader
of
the
new
movement
and
helped
draft
a
constitution
that
created
the
position
of
Supreme
Leader,
a
political-religious
office
with
ultimate
authority
over
state
and
government.
He
articulated
the
theory
of
velayat-e
faqih,
or
guardianship
of
the
Islamic
jurist,
as
the
basis
for
governing
the
state.
(1980–1988).
The
government
established
revolutionary
institutions
and
pursued
policies
reflecting
the
theocratic
framework,
while
implementing
social
and
legal
reforms
aligned
with
Islamic
principles.
Supreme
Leader
by
Ali
Khamenei.
His
legacy
includes
the
consolidation
of
clerical
authority
within
Iran’s
political
system
and
the
influence
of
revolutionary
ideas
on
Iran’s
domestic
and
foreign
policy.