Tartózkodik

Tartózkodik is a Hungarian verb in the present tense form used with the subject ő (third person singular). The infinitive is tartózkodni. The verb has two main meanings: to stay somewhere for a period of time, i.e., to be located, and to abstain from an action or behavior. The meaning is determined by the construction: with a place phrase it denotes staying; with a phrase referring to an act, it signals abstention.

In the locational sense, tartózkodik describes being physically present at a place. For example: "Ő a kórházban tartózkodik" means "He is staying at the hospital." This sense commonly uses adverbial or prepositional phrases of location, such as "ott," "a szigeten," or "ezen a helyen." In the abstention sense, tartózkodik expresses refraining from something, often with a from-expression: "dohányzástól tartózkodik" means "he abstains from smoking."

Morphology and related forms: the infinitive is tartózkodni; the present participle is tartózkodó, used adjectivally to describe a person who abstains or stays. The noun form is tartózkodás (a stay or abstention). Past tense forms include tartózkodott (he stayed/abstained). Common conjugations in present tense are: én tartózkodom, te tartózkodsz, ő tartózkodik, mi tartózkodunk, ti tartózkodtok, ők tartózkodnak. Subjunctive and conditional forms exist as tartózkodjon and tartózkodna, respectively.

See also: tartózkodás, tartózkodó. Usage notes: distinguish the locational sense from the abstention sense by the accompanying complements (place vs. from- or about-phrases).