Sügavkülmumis

Sügavkülmumis is the Estonian term for deep freezing, a method of preserving food by lowering its temperature to below -18 degrees Celsius (0 degrees Fahrenheit). This process significantly slows down the activity of enzymes and microorganisms, which are responsible for food spoilage. By halting or greatly reducing these processes, deep freezing can preserve the quality, nutritional value, and safety of food for extended periods, often months or even years, depending on the food item and the freezing conditions.

The effectiveness of deep freezing relies on rapid freezing to form small ice crystals within the food. Larger ice crystals can damage the cellular structure of the food, leading to a loss of texture and moisture upon thawing. Proper packaging is crucial to prevent freezer burn, which is dehydration of the food's surface due to exposure to cold, dry air. Airtight containers, freezer bags, or specialized vacuum sealing can help maintain food quality.

Foods that are commonly deep-frozen include fruits, vegetables, meats, poultry, fish, and prepared meals. While deep freezing is an excellent preservation technique, some changes can occur. For instance, certain fruits and vegetables may lose some of their crispness. However, for most foods, the nutritional content remains largely intact. When thawing, it is generally recommended to do so slowly in the refrigerator to maintain food safety and texture. Rapid thawing methods, like microwaving, can also be used but may affect the final quality of some items.