Südamefunktsioonile

Südamefunktsioonile refers to the functioning of the heart. The heart is a vital organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing waste products. Its function is a complex interplay of electrical and mechanical processes.

Electrically, the heart's rhythm is initiated and controlled by a specialized group of cells called the sinoatrial (SA) node, often referred to as the heart's natural pacemaker. This electrical impulse travels through the heart's chambers, causing them to contract in a coordinated manner.

Mechanically, the heart consists of four chambers: two atria (upper chambers) and two ventricles (lower chambers). The atria receive blood from the body and lungs, respectively, and pump it into the ventricles. The ventricles then contract forcefully to pump blood out to the lungs (right ventricle) and the rest of the body (left ventricle).

The efficiency of the heart's pumping action is measured by cardiac output, which is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute. This is influenced by heart rate (beats per minute) and stroke volume (the amount of blood pumped with each beat).

Various factors can affect südamefunktsioonile, including age, genetics, lifestyle choices (such as diet, exercise, and smoking), and underlying medical conditions like hypertension, coronary artery disease, and heart valve problems. Maintaining good cardiovascular health is crucial for ensuring optimal südamefunktsioonile.