Szövetmintavétel

Szövetmintavétel, also known as tissue sampling or biopsy, is a medical procedure that involves removing a small piece of tissue from the body for examination. This examination is typically performed by a pathologist under a microscope to diagnose diseases, particularly cancer, or to monitor the effectiveness of treatment. The type of tissue sampled can vary widely, ranging from skin to internal organs like the liver, lungs, or lymph nodes.

There are several methods of tissue sampling. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) involves using a thin needle to extract cells from a suspicious area. Core needle biopsy uses a larger needle to obtain a small cylinder of tissue. Incisional biopsy removes a portion of a larger lesion, while excisional biopsy removes the entire lesion. Endoscopic biopsies are performed during procedures like gastroscopy or colonoscopy, where a small tissue sample is taken from the lining of an organ. Surgical biopsy is a more invasive procedure performed in an operating room.

The decision to perform a tissue sample is based on a patient's symptoms, medical history, and findings from imaging tests. The tissue sample is then sent to a laboratory where it is processed, stained, and examined by a pathologist. The pathologist's report provides crucial information for diagnosis and treatment planning. While generally safe, tissue sampling procedures carry some risks, including bleeding, infection, and pain at the biopsy site. The specific risks depend on the location and method of sampling.