Szívkoszorúérbetegség

Szívkoszorúérbetegség, commonly known as coronary artery disease, is a condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle. This narrowing is typically caused by the buildup of plaque, a fatty substance that accumulates on the inner walls of the arteries. The plaque can harden over time, leading to a condition known as atherosclerosis. When the coronary arteries become significantly narrowed or blocked, it can restrict blood flow to the heart, leading to symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue.

The primary risk factors for coronary artery disease include high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, diabetes, obesity, and a family history of heart disease. Regular physical activity, a healthy diet, and avoiding smoking are key strategies for preventing this condition. Diagnosis of coronary artery disease often involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests such as electrocardiogram (ECG), stress tests, and angiography. Treatment options may include lifestyle modifications, medication, angioplasty, and in severe cases, bypass surgery.

Coronary artery disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for approximately 17.9 million deaths annually. Early detection and management are crucial for improving outcomes and reducing the risk of complications such as heart attacks and heart failure. Public health initiatives, including awareness campaigns and screening programs, play a vital role in identifying individuals at risk and promoting preventive measures.