Syöttötulostustoiminnot

Syöttötulostustoiminnot, often abbreviated as I/O operations, refer to the communication between a computer system and the outside world. This encompasses any process that transfers data to or from a computer. Devices that perform these functions are known as input/output devices.

Input devices allow users or other systems to send data to the computer. Examples include keyboards, mice, scanners, microphones, and digital cameras. When you type on a keyboard, you are performing an input operation, sending character data to the computer's processing unit.

Output devices, conversely, present data from the computer to the user or another system. Common output devices are monitors, printers, speakers, and projectors. When a document is printed, the computer is performing an output operation, sending the document's data to the printer.

Beyond these common examples, I/O operations also involve more complex interactions with storage devices like hard drives and solid-state drives, network interfaces for communication over the internet, and various sensors and actuators in embedded systems. The efficiency and speed of these I/O operations are critical for the overall performance of a computer system, as they often represent a bottleneck compared to the internal processing speeds. Operating systems manage these I/O operations through device drivers, which act as translators between the hardware and the software.