Sutradhars

Sutradhars are a traditional caste group primarily found in the Indian state of Kerala, with smaller communities in neighboring regions such as Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The term *sutradhar* translates to "thread holder" in Sanskrit, reflecting their historical role as skilled artisans who crafted intricate thread embroidery, particularly on temple garments and ceremonial textiles. Their work was essential in religious and cultural contexts, as their embroidered fabrics adorned deities, priests, and ceremonial attire.

Sutradhars traditionally practiced a form of embroidery known as *kathakali sutradharanam*, which involves detailed, symbolic threadwork often used in the iconic Kathakali dance-drama. Their craft required precision and deep knowledge of traditional motifs, colors, and symbolic meanings. Beyond embroidery, some Sutradhars were also involved in other textile arts, including dyeing and weaving.

Historically, Sutradhars faced social marginalization due to their caste status, which was often considered lower in the hierarchical caste system. However, their expertise in textile arts earned them respect within certain communities, particularly among temple patrons who valued their contributions to religious aesthetics. Over time, some Sutradhars transitioned into other professions, though many continue to preserve their craft as a cultural heritage.

Today, the Sutradhar community is recognized for its contributions to Kerala’s artistic and cultural legacy. Efforts have been made to document and promote their traditional techniques, ensuring that their embroidery remains a living art form. While their numbers have declined due to modernization and changing economic opportunities, initiatives by cultural organizations and government schemes aim to revive and sustain their heritage.